Volgens een recent gepubliceerde studie van Wong, Marshall-Gradisnik en collega's
worden ME- en MS-patiėnten gekenmerkt door verhoogde serum-concentraties IFN-γ, IL-10 en IL-5.
Andere cytokines, zoals TNF-α en IL-1β, waren wel verhoogd in MS, maar niet in ME (CVS).
IFN-γ peelt een rol in de bestrijding van virussen, etc en stimuleert de Th1-immuunresponse.
IL-10 stimuleert de Th2-immuunresponse en heeft een dempende werking op de Th1-response.
IL-5 wordt geproduceerd door Th2-cellen en mestcellen.
De proefpersonen werden geselecteerd op basis van de internationale consensus-criteria voor ME.
Deze bevindingen illustrereren nogmaals dat het afweersysteem ernstig ontregeld is in ME (CVS).
Jammer genoeg werd geen onderscheid gemaakt tussen mensen die kort en mensen die lang ziek
waren, omdat onlangs bleek dat er grote verschillen zijn in cytokineniveaus in die twee groepen.
De onderstaande conclusie moge duidelijk zijn:
Expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines were observed in both CFS/ME and MS.
Th2 cytokine elevations may be a compensatory response to an overactive immune reaction.
The findings of this study implicate widespread immune dysfunction in CFS/ME,
through abnormal IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-5 serum levels.
Immune dysfunction may involve NK cells, Tregs, B cells and eosinophils,
with potential similarities to MS pathophysiology.
A comparison of cytokine profiles of
chronic fatigue syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis patients.
International Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2015; 6(10): 769-783.
ArticleID: 60764. doi: 10.4236/ijcm.2015.610103.
Wong N, Nguyen T, Brenu EW, Broadley S, Staines D, Marshall-Gradisnik S.
ABSTRACT
Background:
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, also known as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME),
is a debilitating condition that presents with a range of symptoms,
including fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, muscular and joint pain, and
may be immune-mediated.
In particular, patients exhibit abnormal cytokine expression.
Similarly, in Multiple Sclerosis (MS),
patients display neuroimmunological symptoms, and abnormal cytokine expression,
with some overlap in symptomology with CFS/ME.
The purpose of this study was to compare
Th1, Th2, Th17 cytokines, inflammatory cytokines and chemokines,
in healthy controls, CFS/ME and MS patients.
Methods:
Serum samples were collected from
healthy controls (n = 16, mean age = 50 ± 11.85 years),
CFS/ME patients (n = 16, mean age = 49.88 ± 9.54 years) and
MS patients (n = 11, mean age = 52.75 ± 12.81 years).
The concentrations of
27 cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12, IL-2, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-5, IL-17, IL-1ra, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, eotaxin, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP1α, MIP1β, PDGF-bb, RANTES, basic FGF, GCSF, GMCSF, VEGF and IL-15)
were measured using a Bio-Plex Pro TM kit.
Results:
IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-5 were significantly higher
in the serum of both CFS/ME and MS patients compared to the healthy controls (p ≤ 0.041).
However, only the MS patients had significantly elevated levels of
IL-12, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-13, IL-6, IL-17, IL-1ra, IL-7, IL-9, eotaxin,
IL-10, MIP1α, basic FGF, GCSF and VEGF
compared to the CFS/ME patients and controls (p ≤ 0.04).
There were no significant differences between groups
for IL-8, MCP-1, MIP1β, RANTES, GMCSF, TNF-α, and IL-2.
Conclusion:
CFS/ME and MS patients both displayed abnormal cytokine levels,
with dual expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines.
Further research into cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-5,
with the use of a specific CFS/ME case definition and sensitive cytokine assays,
is required to improve the understanding of the pathophysiology of CFS/ME.
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=60764
Keywords:
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Multiple Sclerosis, Immunology, Cytokine
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