XMRV-positieve ME/CVS-patiënten hebben een duidelijke immunologische handtekening.

Volgens Lombardi et al. onderscheidt de genexpressie van 10 chemokines en cytokines

(meer: IL-8, MIP-1β, MIP-1α, TNF-α, IL-6 en MCP-1, minder: IL-13, IL-7, IFN-α en GM-CSF)

XMRV-positieve ME/CVS-patiënten van gezonde XMRV-negatieve proefpersonen

met een specificiteit van 93% (percentage dat terecht negatief bevonden wordt)

en een sensitiviteit van 96% (percentage dat terecht positief bevonden wordt).

De 10 chemokines/cytokines zijn in volgorde van belangrijkheid hieronder weergegeven.

Er is tevens een duidelijk verschil in chemokine/cytokineprofielen van XMRV-positieven

met én zonder kloon-populaties van γ-δ T-cellen (klonen: kopiëen van hetzelfde origineel)

wat betreft de meest relevante chemokines/cytokines: IL-8, IL-6, MIP-1β, MIP-1α, en TNF-α.

γ-δ T-cellen spelen een belangrijke rol in het regisseren van de afweerresponse en het definitief opruimen van de tegenstander. Grote kloonpopulaties van γ-δ T-cellen kunnen duiden op T-cel afwijkingen (veel kopieën met eenzelfde afwijking).

Blijft gek dat je met een cytokine/chemokineprofiel "laboratoriumvervuiling" kunt opsporen....

U kunt de volledige tekst van de studie downloaden via deze link (45 sekonden wachttijd!)

Citaten uit de studie:

Of the 26 cytokines and chemokines assayed,

19 were differentially expressed

as determined

by log-transformed Students t-test

at the 99% confidence level:

11 were up-regulated,

8 were down-regulated and

7 did not reach statistical significance

when comparing the CFS group to the control group (Table II).

...

The final model accurately identified

128 out of the 138 controls (93% specificity) and

accurately identified 113 out of 118 patients (96% sensitivity).

...

To further demonstrate that the three groups

(patients with γ-δ T-cell clonality, patients without, and controls)

represent discrete populations,

we performed correlation analysis on five of the most significant cytokines and chemokines (IL-8, IL-6, MIP-1β, MIP-1α, and TNF-α).

Correlation between IL-6 and IL-8 was significantly different between the three groups,

as was the correlation between IL-8 and MIP-1β and MIP-1α.

In addition,

almost perfect correlation was observed

between TNF-α, MIP-1β and MIP-1α in the control group,

however, the correlation was

less strong in the patient population with γ-δ T-cell clonality and

even less in the non-clonal patients (Table III).

...

This study clearly demonstrates

XMRV-infected CFS patients

display an inflammatory cytokine and chemokine signature

that distinguishes them from healthy control subjects.

...

Consistent with a γ-δ T-cell involvement,

our analysis shows

the up-regulation of MIP-1, MIP-1, TNF-and IL-10,

all of which are produced by γ-δ-T-cells.

...

This study supports the hypothesis that

CFS patients are at greater risk for developing lymphoma

as a consequence of their inflammatory condition.

Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus-associated chronic fatigue syndrome reveals a distinct inflammatory signature.

In Vivo. 2011;25:307-314.

Vincent C. Lombardi, Kathryn S. Hagen, Kenneth W. Hunter, John W. Diamond, Julie Smith-Gagen, Wei Yang, Judy A. Mikovits.

Abstract.

Background:

The recent identification of

xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV)

in the blood of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)

establishes that a

retrovirus may play a role in the pathology in this disease.

Knowledge of the immune response

might lead to a better understanding of

the role XMRV plays in this syndrome.

Our objective was to investigate

the cytokine and chemokine response in XMRV-associated CFS.

Materials and Methods:

Using Luminex multi-analyte profiling technology,

we measured cytokine and chemokine values

in the plasma of XMRV-infected CFS patients and

compared these data to those of healthy controls.

Analysis was performed using

the Gene Expression Pattern Analysis Suite and

the Random Forest tree classification algorithm.

Results:

This study identifies

a signature of 10 cytokines and chemokines

which correctly identifies XMRV/CFS patients

with 93% specificity and 96% sensitivity.

Conclusion:

These data show, for the first time,

an immunological pattern associated with XMRV/CFS.